Diagnosis and treatment status of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms: a multi-center study in Hubei Province / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the incidence and treatment of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in Hubei Province. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 7 474 patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in 62 hospitals in 15 cities (state) of Hubei Province in 2019 were collected in the form of network database. There were 4 749 males and 2 725 females. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 17 to 96 years). The hemoglobin value of the first time in hospital and the first day after operation was used as the criterion of preoperative anemia and postoperative anemia. Anemia was defined as male hemoglobin <120 g/L and female hemoglobin <110.0 g/L, mild anemia as 90 to normal, moderate anemia as 60 to <90 g/L, severe anemia as <60 g/L. The t test and χ2 test were used for inter-group comparison. Results: The overall incidence of preoperative anemia was 38.60%(2 885/7 474), and the incidences of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 25.09%(1 875/7 474), 11.37%(850/7 474) and 2.14%(160/7 474), respectively. The overall incidence of postoperative anemia was 61.40%(4 589/7 474). The incidence of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 48.73%(3 642/7 474), 12.20%(912/7 474) and 0.47%(35/7 474), respectively. The proportion of preoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 26.86% (775/2 885), and the proportion of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 14.93% (685/4 589). The proportions of preoperative anemia patients in grade ⅢA, grade ⅢB, and grade ⅡA hospitals receiving treatment were 26.12% (649/2 485), 32.32% (85/263), and 29.93% (41/137), and the proportions of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment were 14.61% (592/4 052), 22.05% (73/331), and 9.71% (20/206). The proportion of intraoperative blood transfusion (16.74% (483/2 885) vs. 3.05% (140/4 589), χ²=434.555, P<0.01) and the incidence of postoperative complications (17.78% (513/2 885) vs. 14.08% (646/4 589), χ²=18.553, P<0.01) in the preoperative anemia group were higher than those in the non-anemia group, and the postoperative hospital stay in the preoperative anemia group was longer than that in the non-anemia group ((14.1±7.3) days vs. (13.3±6.2) days, t=5.202, P<0.01). Conclusions: The incidence of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms is high. Preoperative anemia can increase the demand for intraoperative blood transfusion and affect the short-term prognosis of patients. At present, the concept of standardized treatment of perioperative anemia among gastrointestinal surgeons in Hubei Province needs to be improved.

An investigation on vitamin D status of residents in Zhejiang province / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the vitamin D status of residents in two cities of Zhejiang province.Methods 442 participants from Hangzhou and Ningbo were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method,then the blood samples were collected and the serum level of 25 -hydroxyl vitamin D [25 (OH)D]was detected by the method of radioimmunoassay to analyze the Vitamin D status.Results Median (25 th-75 th percentile)level of serum 25 (OH)D in subjects aged 6 -11,12 -17,18 -44,45 -59 and over 60 years were 53.19 (41.85 -64.89),48.76 (32.56 -60.52),59.91 (48.05 -72.79),68.67 (55.50 -78.07)and 70.97 (56.91 -84.65)nmol/L,respectively.The number of vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D<25 nmol/L],insufficiency[25≤25(OH)D <50 nmol/L],normal [50≤25 (OH)D <75 nmol/L ],sufficiency [25 (OH )D ≥75 nmol/L ] were 2.95%,30.84%,44.22% and 22.00%, respectively.Conclusion The deficient and insufficient status of vitamin D is common among residents in two cities of Zhejiang province.Vitamin D nutrition situation should be improved.

An investigation on transmission risk of avian influenza A (H7 N9)virus in farm product market / 预防医学

Objective TounderstandandevaluatethetransmissionriskofavianinfluenzaA(H7N9)virusinlivepoultry markets(LPMs).Methods Atotalof31LPMsfromJiaxingcitywereselectedusingrandomsamplingmethodand hygienicinvestigationonthespotwascarriedout.Results All31farmproductmarketshadlivepoultrytradewhile29 (83.87%)of them had live poultry slaughter spots,and 3 of them were not in the trade zone.The situation of sanitary, isolation,disinfection and personal protection in live poultry trading spot was not satisfied and only one LPM set a compartment.The LPMs whose distance exceeding 10 meters between live poultry slaughter spot and trading spot were accountedfor41.38%.Conclusion ThetransmissionriskofavianinfluenzaA(H7N9)virusinfarmproductmarketis high.To close the live poultry market during the epidemic period and strengthen surveillance activities are suggested.

HPV16 E5 peptide vaccine in treatment of cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Despite the encouraging development of the preventive vaccine for HPV, a vaccine for both prevention and therapy or pre-cancerous lesions remains in high priority. Thus far, most of the HPV therapeutic vaccines are focused on HPV E6 and E7 oncogene. However these vaccines could not completely eradicate the lesions. Recently, HPV E5, which is considered as an oncogene, is getting more and more attention. In this study, we predicted the epitopes of HPV16 E5 by bioinformatics as candidate peptide, then, evaluated the efficacy and chose an effective one to do the further test. To evaluate the effect of vaccine, rTC-1 (TC-1 cells infected by rAAV-HPV16E5) served as cell tumor model and rTC-1 loading mice as an ectopic tumor model. We prepared vaccine by muscle injection. The vaccine effects were determined by evaluating the function of tumor-specific T cells by cell proliferation assay and ELISPOT, calculating the tumor volume in mice and estimating the survival time of mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that injection of E5 peptide+CpG resulted in strong cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and protected mice from tumor growth, meanwhile, prolonged the survival time after tumor cell loading. This study provides new insights into HPV16 E5 as a possible target on the therapeutic strategies about cervical cancer.

HPV16 E5 peptide vaccine in treatment of cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Despite the encouraging development of the preventive vaccine for HPV, a vaccine for both prevention and therapy or pre-cancerous lesions remains in high priority. Thus far, most of the HPV therapeutic vaccines are focused on HPV E6 and E7 oncogene. However these vaccines could not completely eradicate the lesions. Recently, HPV E5, which is considered as an oncogene, is getting more and more attention. In this study, we predicted the epitopes of HPV16 E5 by bioinformatics as candidate peptide, then, evaluated the efficacy and chose an effective one to do the further test. To evaluate the effect of vaccine, rTC-1 (TC-1 cells infected by rAAV-HPV16E5) served as cell tumor model and rTC-1 loading mice as an ectopic tumor model. We prepared vaccine by muscle injection. The vaccine effects were determined by evaluating the function of tumor-specific T cells by cell proliferation assay and ELISPOT, calculating the tumor volume in mice and estimating the survival time of mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that injection of E5 peptide+CpG resulted in strong cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and protected mice from tumor growth, meanwhile, prolonged the survival time after tumor cell loading. This study provides new insights into HPV16 E5 as a possible target on the therapeutic strategies about cervical cancer.

Epidemiological effects of the A(H1N1)influenza vaccine immunization program on students / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the epidemiological effects of vaccine immunization program related to A(H1N1)influenza in the middle school students.Methods Non-randomized clinical trial was designed to assess the A(H1N1)influenza vaccine on its efficacy.14883 students from 8 middle schools in Zhejiang province were recruited and classified into vaccinated or control groups,based on the status of immunization with A(H1N1)influenza vaccine.All subjects were followed up through one epidemic period(6 months)and the incidence rates of influenza-like illnesses,A(H1N1)influenza,and seasonal influenza in these two groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccine.Results There were 6334 subjects in the vaccinated group and 8549 in the control group.7441.75 person-years were followed from these two groups.The incidence rate of A (H1N1)influenza in vaccinated group was 1.64‰ per person-year,lower than that of the control group.The rate difference(RD)was-1.64‰ per person-year(95% confidence interval value from-3.04‰ to-0.23‰ per person-year),and the difference was significant(P=0.010).The incidence rate of influenza-like illnesses in vaccinated group was 21.47‰ per person-year,lower than that of the control group(22.69‰ per person-year)and the diffefence was not significant(P>0.05).The incidence rate of B influenza in vaccinated group was 6.63‰ per person-year,higher than that of control group(7.02‰ per person-year)but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion This vaccine demonstrated a good epidemiological effect against the A(H1N1)influenza virus infection,observed through a student-immunization program.The cross-protection effect against the influenza-like illnesses and other seasonal influenzas was not noticed in this study.

A case-control study on risk factors for tuberculosis in Yinchuan city / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the risk factors of tuberculosis in Yinchuan city and lay a basis for its prevention and control.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A matched case-control (119:179) study for the risk factors was carried out. Data were analyzed with single-variable analysis and multiple factor logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Single-variable analysis showed that the education background (chi2 = 2.363, P = 0.018), family economic income (chi2 = 3.040, P = 0.002), smoking (chi2 = 2.500, P = 0.012), physical activities (chi2 = 2.330, P = 0.020), bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination history (chi2 = 22.151, P = 0.000), history of exposure to tuberculosis (chi2 = 15.740, P = 0.000) and so on had significant effects on tuberculosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that family monthly income, smoking, physical activity, BCG vaccination history, history of exposure to tuberculosis entered the final regression model (chi2 = 5.880, 7.368, 3.891, 21.127, 14.536; OR = 0.529, 1.571, 0.774, 0.264, 3.978; P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>History of exposure to tuberculosis and smoking should be the risk factors of tuberculosis in Yinchuan. Having much income, physical activities, and BCG vaccination history should be the preventive factors.</p>

Influence of metastasis suppressor gene KAI1 on proliferation and invasion of endometrial carcinoma cells / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

Objective:To investigate the influence of metastasis suppressor gene KAI1 on the proliferation,invasion and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma cell line AN3CA and HEC-1-B.Methods:The KAI1 cDNA was transfected into human endometrial carcinoma cells AN3CA and HEC-1-B via Lipofectamine 2000.The expression of KAI1 protein was ex- amined by Western blotting and flow cytometry before and after transfection.The proliferation ability of AN3CA and HEC- 1-B cells was observed by MTT assay and anchorage-independent growth assay.The changes of cell invasive ability were studied by transwell assays.Results:Stable expression of KAI1 protein was observed in AN3CA and HEC-1-B cells and on their surface after transfection with pcDNA3-KAI1 plasmid.Cells transfected with blank plasmid formed more colonies and had a larger size,with the colony forming rates being(54.2?3.1)% for AN3CA cells and(52.7?4.3)% for HEC- 1- B cells;the doubling time of AN3CA and HEC-1-B cells were 21.3 h and 20.1 h,respectively.Cells transfected with pcDNA3-KAI1 formed less colonies and had a smaller size,with the colony forming rates being(37.4?5.1)% for AN3CA cells and(32.1?3.7)% for HEC-1-B cells;the doubling time of AN3CA and HEC-1-B cells were 43.7h and 45.2 h,respectively.The cell proliferation abilities and colony-forming ability were significantly different between the two groups(P

VEGF-induced tubulogenesis of endothelial cells from human brain malignant glioma in the three dimentional model / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the tubulogenesis capability of malignant glioma-derived microvessel endothelial cells (GDMEC) from human brain with that of ECV304 cells in a three dimentional model and to explore the significance of GDMEC in the study on angiogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The GDMEC were isolated from malignant gliomas of human brain and purified by selective binding to the monoclonal antibody against CD105 bound to the magnetic MACS MicroBeads. GDMEC and endothelial-like cell line ECV304 were compared with their capabilities of formatting tubule-like structure (TLS) in the three dimentional collagen matrix, with or without inducement by various concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The obtained GDMEC had a high purification (98%) and could be successfully cultured in vitro. GDMECs formed more TLS than ECV304 cells of the same number and at the same time points. VEGF could induce rapid formation of TLS in a dose-dependent manner, however, ECV304 cells were less response to VEGF stimulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GDMEC could maintain their endothelial characteristics and potential capability of angiogenesis. They were more response to VEGF than ECV304, therefore, more suitable for in vitro studies on tumor angiogenesis.</p>

Effects of ectopic glial fibrillary acidic protein/green fluorescent protein gene expression on cellular differentiation and proliferation of human glioma cell line / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biological effects of ectopic overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in human malignant glioma cell line, and to explore new method of differentiation induction gene therapy for gliomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A eukaryotic expression vector containing 1.1 kb GFAP cDNA fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene, pIRGFP-GFAP, was transfected into human SHG-44 glioma cell line by lipofectamine. The expression of GFAP/GFP gene and their proteins were detected by fluorescent real-time monitoring, in situ hybridization, Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Flow cytometry, soft agar colony formation and other methods were used to measure the effects of exogenous GFAP expression on cell cycle progression, morphology and growth features of the transfected glioma cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of GFAP mRNA and its protein were markedly increased in SHG-44 cells upon stable transfection with pIRGFP/GFAP vector. Profound morphological changes in these cells were also observed, including the formation of abundant, stellate and thin cytoplasmic processes and a reduction of atypia. Cell proliferation rate and its tumorigenecity on soft agar were markedly reduced. In addition, cell cycle analysis revealed a percentage decrease of cell populations at G0/G1 and G2/M phases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ectopic overexpression of GFAP gene could significantly suppress the growth of SHG-44 malignant glioma cells along with an induction of differentiation. These results imply that forced over-expression of GFAP gene may provide a new strategy for glioma therapy.</p>

Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the female genital system / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinicopathology and immunophenotype of primary non- Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)of the female genital system,and to analyze the prognosis of such tumors. Methods Clinicopathologic features of 43 cases of primary NHL of the female genital system were studied retrospectively,with the histological classification based on the Classification of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tumors(WHO,2001).Immunochemistry technique,in-situ-hybridization and polymerase chain reaction methods were used to detect the immunophenotype,epstein barrvirus(EB)virus infection status and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement,respectively.Results(1)Primary lesions:there were 24 cases of lymphoma originating in the ovary,3 cases in the endometrium,10 cases in the cervix,2 cases in the vagina and 4 cases in the vulva.(2)Staging:12 cases(28%)were in stage Ⅰ,9 cases (21%)in stage Ⅱ,and 22 cases(51%)in stage Ⅲ.(3)Histological classification:37 cases(86%)were diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL),3 cases were Burkitt lymphoma and the remaining 3 cases were unspecified peripheral T-cell lymphoma according to biopsy,immunophenotype analysis,in-situ- hybridization technique and IgH gene rearrangement detection.(4)Prognosis analysis:increase in the level of lactic acid dehydrogenase,stage Ⅲ,DLBCL and single operation suggest poor prognosis.Conclusions Establishment of the diagnosis of primary NHL of the female genital system is based on biopsy, immunophenotype analysis,in-situ-hybridization technique and IgH gene rearrangement detection,which play important roles in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the tumor.Combined therapy is the first choice of therapeutic regimens.